Haystack Rock, an iconic monolith rising proudly from the sands of Cannon Beach, Oregon, is more than just a breathtaking vista. It’s a natural wonder steeped in history, teeming with wildlife, and offering an unforgettable experience for every visitor to the Oregon Coast. Part of the Oregon Islands National Wildlife Refuge, this colossal sea stack stands as a testament to the powerful forces of nature and holds a unique place in American exploration history.
A Glimpse into History: Haystack Rock and the Lewis and Clark Expedition
The early 19th century saw the famed Lewis and Clark Expedition charting their course across the uncharted American West. In January 1806, Captain William Clark himself ventured to the Cannon Beach area, drawn by reports from local Native American tribes of a beached whale near a prominent rock formation. Hoping to replenish their expedition’s dwindling food supplies, Clark and his men journeyed south. Joseph Whitehouse, another expedition member, documented their findings in his journal entry on January 10, 1806, detailing Clark’s return and report:
“…In the evening late Captain Clark & some of the party returned to the Fort. they informed us that they had been about 25 Miles along the Sea Coast, nearly a South course to see the Whale… to get to the place where the whale lay, & that the Indians had showed them, to where a whale lay; which had been a long time Dead, which was on a very large Rock. It was about 105 feet long…”
While the whale was unfortunately just a skeleton upon their arrival, the “very large Rock” mentioned is undoubtedly Haystack Rock. This historical encounter forever links Haystack Rock to the legacy of Lewis and Clark, adding another layer of intrigue to this already impressive natural landmark.
The Geological Marvel of Haystack Rock
Haystack Rock’s imposing presence is a result of dramatic geological events that unfolded millions of years ago. Approximately 17 million years in the past, volcanic activity associated with the Columbia River drainage system sent lava flows surging across the landscape. This molten rock intruded into softer marine sediments, eventually solidifying into the basalt structure we see today. Over eons, relentless erosion by wind and waves, coupled with geologic uplift, sculpted the coastline, revealing Haystack Rock and other dramatic rock formations along the Oregon Coast. Rising 235 feet above the shoreline, Haystack Rock is a testament to the slow but powerful forces that shape our planet.
A Haven for Wildlife and Tide Pool Exploration
Today, Haystack Rock is not only a geological wonder but also a protected Marine Garden, safeguarding a rich tapestry of coastal life. At low tide, the receding waters unveil a vibrant intertidal zone, inviting exploration and discovery. Visitors can walk right up to Haystack Rock and investigate the tide pools teeming with colorful starfish, anemones, crabs, and other fascinating marine creatures.
Beyond the tide pools, Haystack Rock and its surrounding waters are a sanctuary for diverse birdlife. Year-round, birdwatchers can spot a variety of species, including Tufted Puffins, Common Murres, and Black Oystercatchers. From December to March, the offshore waters become a migratory route for magnificent Gray Whales, Humpback Whales, Orcas, and Sperm Whales. Bring your binoculars and cameras for a chance to witness these gentle giants breaching the ocean surface.
Plan Your Visit to Haystack Rock
Haystack Rock in Cannon Beach, Oregon, is a destination that promises awe and wonder. To enhance your visit, the Haystack Rock Awareness Program offers interpretive programs from February to late October. Check with Cannon Beach City Hall, local businesses, or the Chamber of Commerce Information Center for program schedules. For detailed visitor information, explore the official Cannon Beach website.
Haystack Rock is more than just a rock; it’s a living monument to natural history and beauty, waiting to be explored. Discover the magic of Haystack Rock on your next trip to the Oregon Coast.
