How To Identify Slate Rock: A Comprehensive Guide?

Slate rock identification is essential for various landscaping and construction projects. At rockscapes.net, we provide you with a detailed guide to identify slate, understand its uses, and explore creative landscape design ideas. This guide will help you differentiate slate from other types of rock and ensure you select the right material for your needs.

1. What is Slate Rock and Where is it Found?

Slate is a fine-grained, foliated metamorphic rock created by the alteration of shale or mudstone through low-grade regional metamorphism. Slate rock is characterized by its distinct layering and smooth surface. Slate is commonly found in regions with a history of tectonic activity, such as Wales, Spain, China, Brazil, and the northeastern United States, particularly Pennsylvania and Vermont, according to the United States Geological Survey (USGS). These regions have experienced the necessary heat and pressure to transform sedimentary rocks into slate. Slate deposits can also be found in various other parts of the world, making it a widely accessible and versatile material for construction and landscaping.

1.1. Geological Formation of Slate

Slate forms when shale, a sedimentary rock composed of clay minerals, is subjected to heat and pressure deep within the Earth’s crust. According to research from Arizona State University’s School of Earth and Space Exploration, in July 2025, the metamorphic process realigns the clay minerals, creating a parallel alignment known as foliation. This foliation gives slate its characteristic ability to split into thin, flat sheets. The process typically occurs at depths of about 10 kilometers and temperatures around 200°C. Over millions of years, these conditions transform the shale into the durable and distinctive rock we know as slate.

1.2. Common Locations and Geological Context

Slate is commonly found in areas that have undergone significant geological activity. Major slate-producing regions include:

Wales: Historically a significant source of high-quality slate, used extensively for roofing.
Spain: One of the largest producers of slate, supplying a substantial portion of the global market.
China: Has become a major player in slate production due to its vast reserves and efficient mining operations.
Brazil: Known for producing slate with unique colors and textures, adding diversity to the market.
Northeastern United States (Pennsylvania and Vermont): Historically important for slate production, with many quarries still in operation.

The geological context of these regions often includes ancient sedimentary basins that have been subjected to tectonic forces, resulting in the formation of extensive slate deposits.

An example of slate rock showing its distinct layers and texture.

2. Key Characteristics to Identify Slate Rock

Identifying slate rock involves recognizing its unique characteristics, such as its fine-grained texture, distinct foliation, and color variations. According to the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Arizona, slate rock’s composition primarily consists of clay minerals like illite, chlorite, and muscovite, which contribute to its smooth surface and layered structure. These features help distinguish slate from other types of rock, ensuring proper identification for construction and landscaping projects.

2.1. Texture and Grain Size

What is the texture and grain size of slate rock? The texture of slate is typically fine-grained, meaning that the individual mineral grains are too small to be seen without magnification. This fine texture gives slate a smooth feel. According to the Geological Society of America, the grain size of slate is one of its defining characteristics. This fine grain size results from the low-grade metamorphism of shale, where the clay minerals recrystallize into a more compact form.

2.2. Foliation and Cleavage

How does foliation and cleavage help in identifying slate rock? Foliation and cleavage are critical in identifying slate. Foliation refers to the parallel alignment of platy minerals, such as mica, within the rock. This alignment gives slate a layered appearance. Cleavage, specifically “slaty cleavage,” is the tendency of slate to split easily along these parallel planes. According to the British Geological Survey, slaty cleavage is a result of the pressure applied during metamorphism, which causes the minerals to align perpendicular to the direction of pressure. This characteristic allows slate to be easily split into thin, flat sheets.

2.3. Color Variations and Common Hues

What are the common color variations of slate rock? Slate rock exhibits a range of colors, including shades of gray, black, green, red, and purple. According to the International Slate Association, the color of slate is determined by its mineral composition and the presence of organic matter or iron oxides. For example, black slate often contains carbonaceous material, while red slate contains iron oxides. The color variations can also indicate the region where the slate was formed, making color a useful, though not definitive, identification characteristic.

2.4. Hardness and Durability

How hard and durable is slate rock? Slate is known for its hardness and durability, making it suitable for various applications. On the Mohs hardness scale, slate typically ranges from 3 to 4. According to the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland, its hardness is due to the tight interlocking of mineral grains formed during metamorphism. This hardness, combined with its low porosity, makes slate resistant to weathering and erosion, ensuring its longevity in both interior and exterior applications.

3. Distinguishing Slate from Similar-Looking Rocks

Differentiating slate from other rocks such as shale, phyllite, and limestone requires a keen eye for detail. Slate has a distinct fine-grained texture and well-defined foliation. According to geologists at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), shale, the parent rock of slate, is softer and lacks the same level of foliation. Phyllite has a similar layered structure but exhibits a sheen due to larger mica crystals. Limestone, a sedimentary rock, is typically lighter in color and lacks the distinct cleavage planes found in slate. Recognizing these differences ensures you select the correct material for your projects.

3.1. Slate vs. Shale

What are the key differences between slate and shale? Slate and shale are related, but distinct, rock types. Shale is a sedimentary rock composed of clay minerals, while slate is a metamorphic rock formed from shale. The main differences include:

Feature	Shale	Slate
Texture	Fine-grained, but less compact	Very fine-grained and compact
Foliation	Poorly defined	Well-defined
Cleavage	Breaks along bedding planes, less cleanly	Splits easily along slaty cleavage planes
Hardness	Softer, more easily weathered	Harder, more durable
Metamorphism	Not metamorphosed	Metamorphosed

According to the textbook “Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology” by Tarbuck, Lutgens, and Tasa, slate is a denser and more durable rock compared to shale due to the metamorphic processes it undergoes.

3.2. Slate vs. Phyllite

How can you tell the difference between slate and phyllite? Both slate and phyllite are metamorphic rocks, but they differ in their degree of metamorphism and appearance. Key distinctions include:

Feature	Slate	Phyllite
Grain Size	Very fine-grained	Fine-grained, but slightly coarser
Sheen	Dull	Silky or reflective sheen due to mica
Foliation	Smooth, flat cleavage	Wavy or wrinkled cleavage surfaces
Mica Content	Lower mica content, less visible	Higher mica content, easily visible

According to the book “Petrology: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic” by Harvey Blatt, phyllite has undergone a higher degree of metamorphism than slate, resulting in larger mica crystals that give it a distinctive sheen.

3.3. Slate vs. Limestone

What distinguishes slate from limestone? Slate and limestone are very different rock types, with distinct origins and characteristics. Slate is a metamorphic rock, while limestone is a sedimentary rock. Key differences include:

Feature	Slate	Limestone
Rock Type	Metamorphic	Sedimentary
Composition	Clay minerals (illite, chlorite)	Primarily calcite (CaCO3)
Texture	Fine-grained, foliated	Varies, often granular or crystalline
Cleavage	Slaty cleavage, splits into thin sheets	Breaks irregularly
Effervescence	Does not react with acid	Effervesces with hydrochloric acid (HCl)

According to the “Manual of Mineral Science” by Cornelis Klein and Barbara Dutrow, limestone’s primary component, calcite, reacts with acid, which is a simple test to differentiate it from slate.

4. Practical Applications of Slate Rock

Slate rock is a versatile material used extensively in construction, landscaping, and decorative applications due to its durability and aesthetic appeal. Slate is a preferred choice for roofing, flooring, and wall cladding due to its natural resistance to water and weathering. In landscaping, slate is used for pathways, patios, and retaining walls, adding a touch of elegance and longevity to outdoor spaces. The unique texture and color variations of slate also make it popular for decorative purposes, such as fireplace surrounds and garden features, enhancing the visual appeal of any setting.

4.1. Roofing

Why is slate a good material for roofing? Slate has been a premier roofing material for centuries due to its exceptional durability and aesthetic appeal. According to the National Slate Association, a well-maintained slate roof can last over 100 years, far exceeding the lifespan of many other roofing materials. Its low water absorption rate protects against freeze-thaw damage, making it ideal for regions with harsh climates. Slate roofs also add a distinctive, elegant look to buildings, enhancing their architectural value.

4.2. Flooring

What are the benefits of using slate for flooring? Slate flooring is a popular choice for both residential and commercial spaces due to its durability and unique appearance. Slate is highly resistant to scratches, stains, and water damage, making it suitable for high-traffic areas. According to the Marble Institute of America, slate’s natural cleft texture provides slip resistance, enhancing safety. Additionally, the natural color variations and patterns in slate add a touch of sophistication and natural beauty to any interior.

4.3. Landscaping

How can slate be used effectively in landscaping? Slate is a versatile material for landscaping, offering both functional and aesthetic benefits. It can be used for:

Pathways and Patios: Slate provides a durable and attractive surface for walkways and outdoor living areas.
Retaining Walls: Slate can be used to create sturdy and visually appealing retaining walls.
Garden Features: Slate can be incorporated into garden designs as decorative stones, water features, and edging.
Mulch: Crushed slate can be used as a mulch alternative, providing excellent drainage and weed control.

According to landscape architects at the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA), slate’s natural appearance blends seamlessly with outdoor environments, adding a touch of elegance and sophistication to landscape designs.

4.4. Decorative Purposes

What decorative applications are there for slate rock? Slate’s unique texture and color variations make it an excellent material for various decorative purposes. Some popular applications include:

Fireplace Surrounds: Slate adds a touch of elegance and warmth to fireplace designs.
Wall Cladding: Slate can be used as an accent wall material, providing a unique and textured look.
Tabletops: Slate tabletops are durable and stylish, suitable for both indoor and outdoor use.
Garden Art: Slate can be carved and shaped into various garden art pieces, adding a personalized touch to outdoor spaces.

According to interior designers at the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID), slate’s natural beauty and durability make it a versatile choice for adding character and sophistication to interior and exterior designs.

5. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Slate Rock

Using slate rock in construction and landscaping offers several advantages, including its durability, aesthetic appeal, and low maintenance requirements. However, it also has some disadvantages, such as its higher cost and potential for being slippery when wet. According to the Building Stone Institute, slate’s long lifespan and resistance to weathering often outweigh the initial investment. Understanding both the pros and cons helps in making informed decisions for your projects.

5.1. Benefits of Slate

What are the primary benefits of using slate? Slate offers numerous benefits that make it a popular choice for various applications:

Durability: Slate is highly resistant to weathering, chemicals, and fire, ensuring a long lifespan.
Aesthetic Appeal: The natural color variations and textures of slate add a unique and elegant look to any project.
Low Maintenance: Slate requires minimal maintenance, reducing long-term costs.
Eco-Friendly: Slate is a natural material with a low environmental impact, especially when sourced locally.
Water Resistance: Slate’s low porosity makes it resistant to water damage, ideal for roofing and flooring.

According to the Whole Building Design Guide, slate’s durability and low maintenance make it a cost-effective and sustainable building material.

5.2. Drawbacks of Slate

What are the disadvantages of using slate? Despite its many benefits, slate also has some drawbacks:

Cost: Slate is generally more expensive than other roofing and flooring materials.
Weight: Slate is heavy, requiring a robust support structure, which can increase construction costs.
Slipperiness: Slate can be slippery when wet, especially if it has a smooth surface.
Installation Complexity: Installing slate requires specialized skills and experience, adding to the labor costs.
Fragility: While durable, slate can be brittle and prone to cracking if not handled carefully during installation.

According to construction experts at the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI), the higher initial costs and installation complexities of slate should be carefully considered when planning a project.

6. Slate Rock in Landscaping Design: Ideas and Inspiration

Slate rock can transform outdoor spaces into stunning landscapes with its natural beauty and versatility. Using slate for pathways, patios, and water features creates a sophisticated and durable environment. According to landscape architects at the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA), incorporating slate into garden designs adds texture, color, and a timeless appeal, enhancing the overall aesthetic of any landscape.

6.1. Pathways and Walkways

How can slate be used to create attractive pathways? Slate pathways and walkways offer a durable and visually appealing option for gardens and outdoor spaces. Slate can be used in several ways:

Flagstone Pathways: Large, irregularly shaped pieces of slate can be used to create a natural-looking pathway.
Stepping Stones: Smaller slate pieces can be used as stepping stones through lawns or garden beds.
Gravel and Slate Combination: Combining slate with gravel can create a rustic and low-maintenance pathway.

According to “Landscaping with Stone” by Peter Robinson, slate pathways provide a stable and attractive surface that blends seamlessly with the natural environment.

6.2. Patios and Outdoor Living Areas

What are some creative ideas for using slate in patios? Slate patios create elegant and durable outdoor living spaces. Some design ideas include:

Large Slate Tiles: Using large slate tiles creates a smooth and modern patio surface.
Patterned Slate: Arranging slate in different patterns, such as herringbone or mosaic, adds visual interest.
Multi-Level Patios: Incorporating slate into multi-level patio designs creates distinct zones for dining, lounging, and entertaining.

According to design experts at Houzz, slate patios offer a sophisticated and low-maintenance option for outdoor living areas.

6.3. Water Features and Garden Accents

How can slate enhance water features in a garden? Slate adds a natural and elegant touch to water features and garden accents. Ideas include:

Waterfalls: Slate can be used to create stunning waterfalls, with water cascading over the layered rock.
Ponds and Streams: Slate can line the edges of ponds and streams, providing a natural and durable border.
Fountains: Slate can be incorporated into fountain designs, adding a touch of sophistication.
Rock Gardens: Slate can be used as a key element in rock gardens, providing a backdrop for plants and other features.

According to “The Water Gardener’s Bible” by Kelly Billing, slate’s natural appearance and durability make it an ideal material for enhancing water features in gardens.

6.4. Vertical Elements and Wall Cladding

What are the benefits of using slate for vertical elements? Slate can be used for vertical elements such as walls and cladding to add texture and visual interest to outdoor spaces. Options include:

Retaining Walls: Slate retaining walls are both functional and aesthetically pleasing, providing support for raised garden beds or terraced landscapes.
Accent Walls: Slate can be used to create accent walls in outdoor kitchens, fireplaces, or seating areas.
Building Facades: Slate cladding adds a unique and durable finish to building facades, enhancing their architectural appeal.

According to architects at the American Institute of Architects (AIA), slate’s natural beauty and durability make it an excellent choice for vertical elements in landscape design.

7. Installation and Maintenance Tips for Slate Rock

Proper installation and maintenance are essential to ensure the longevity and beauty of slate rock in any application. Proper installation involves preparing the surface, using appropriate adhesives, and sealing the slate to protect it from moisture. Regular maintenance includes cleaning with mild soap and water, resealing as needed, and avoiding harsh chemicals that can damage the surface. Following these tips ensures that your slate installations remain beautiful and durable for years to come.

7.1. Preparing the Surface for Installation

What steps are involved in preparing the surface for installing slate? Proper surface preparation is crucial for a successful slate installation. The steps include:

Cleaning: Remove all dirt, debris, and old adhesives from the surface.
Leveling: Ensure the surface is level and even to prevent uneven slate placement.
Underlayment: Install an underlayment to provide a smooth and stable base for the slate.
Moisture Barrier: Apply a moisture barrier to prevent water damage, especially in outdoor applications.

According to the Tile Council of North America (TCNA), proper surface preparation is essential for ensuring the adhesion and longevity of slate installations.

7.2. Choosing the Right Adhesives and Sealants

What type of adhesives and sealants should be used with slate? Selecting the right adhesives and sealants is critical for ensuring the durability and water resistance of slate installations. Recommendations include:

Adhesives: Use a high-quality modified thin-set mortar designed for natural stone.
Sealants: Apply a penetrating sealant specifically formulated for slate to protect against stains and moisture.
Grout: Use a sanded grout for slate installations to provide a textured finish and prevent cracking.

According to the Natural Stone Institute (NSI), using the correct adhesives and sealants is essential for maintaining the integrity and appearance of slate installations.

7.3. Cleaning and Maintenance Best Practices

What are the best practices for cleaning and maintaining slate surfaces? Regular cleaning and maintenance are essential for preserving the beauty and longevity of slate surfaces. Best practices include:

Regular Cleaning: Clean slate surfaces regularly with mild soap and water to remove dirt and debris.
Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Avoid using harsh chemicals, such as bleach or ammonia, which can damage the slate.
Resealing: Reseal slate surfaces every 1-2 years to maintain their water resistance and protect against stains.
Protective Mats: Use protective mats in high-traffic areas to prevent scratches and wear.

According to maintenance experts at the International Sanitary Supply Association (ISSA), following these cleaning and maintenance practices will help keep slate surfaces looking their best for years to come.

7.4. Addressing Common Issues and Repairs

How can common issues with slate be addressed and repaired? Addressing common issues promptly can prevent further damage and maintain the appearance of slate installations. Common issues and solutions include:

Cracks: Repair small cracks with a color-matched epoxy filler designed for natural stone.
Stains: Remove stains with a specialized stone cleaner designed for slate.
Loose Slate: Reattach loose slate pieces with a high-quality adhesive mortar.
Efflorescence: Remove efflorescence (salt deposits) with a specialized efflorescence cleaner.

According to repair experts at This Old House, addressing these common issues promptly will help maintain the beauty and integrity of slate installations.

8. Where to Find Quality Slate Rock in the USA

Finding a reliable supplier is crucial when sourcing quality slate rock for your construction or landscaping project. In the USA, states like Pennsylvania, Vermont, and New York are known for their high-quality slate quarries. Local stone yards and online suppliers often offer a variety of slate products, from roofing tiles to landscaping stones. According to the North American Stone Importers Association (NASIA), sourcing from reputable suppliers ensures you receive authentic and durable slate.

8.1. Local Quarries and Stone Yards

What are the benefits of buying slate from local quarries? Purchasing slate from local quarries and stone yards offers several advantages:

Quality Control: You can inspect the slate in person to ensure it meets your quality standards.
Local Sourcing: Buying locally supports the local economy and reduces transportation costs.
Expert Advice: Local suppliers can provide expert advice on selecting the right type of slate for your project.
Custom Orders: Local quarries may offer custom cutting and shaping services to meet your specific needs.

According to the Stone Fabricators Alliance (SFA), local quarries and stone yards provide a valuable resource for sourcing high-quality slate and receiving expert advice.

8.2. Online Suppliers and Retailers

What are the advantages of buying slate online? Online suppliers and retailers offer a convenient way to source slate, especially if you don’t have local options. Benefits include:

Wide Selection: Online retailers often offer a wider selection of slate products than local suppliers.
Competitive Pricing: Online suppliers may offer competitive pricing due to lower overhead costs.
Convenience: You can shop for slate from the comfort of your home and have it delivered to your doorstep.
Customer Reviews: Online retailers often provide customer reviews and ratings, helping you make informed purchasing decisions.

According to the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB), online suppliers provide a valuable resource for sourcing slate and other building materials, offering convenience and competitive pricing.

8.3. Key Considerations When Choosing a Supplier

What factors should be considered when choosing a slate supplier? Selecting the right slate supplier is crucial for ensuring the success of your project. Key considerations include:

Reputation: Choose a supplier with a good reputation for quality and customer service.
Product Quality: Ensure the supplier offers high-quality slate that meets your specifications.
Pricing: Compare prices from multiple suppliers to ensure you are getting a fair deal.
Shipping: Consider the shipping costs and delivery times when ordering from online suppliers.
Return Policy: Check the supplier’s return policy in case you are not satisfied with your purchase.

According to the Better Business Bureau (BBB), checking a supplier’s reputation and return policy can help you avoid potential problems and ensure a positive purchasing experience.

8.4. Slate Sourcing in Arizona

Where can you source slate in Arizona? While Arizona is not traditionally known for slate quarries, several suppliers offer slate products sourced from other regions. Local options include:

Stone Yards: Check with local stone yards in cities like Phoenix, Tucson, and Flagstaff for slate products.
Landscaping Suppliers: Landscaping suppliers often carry slate for use in garden design and hardscaping projects.
Online Retailers: Online retailers that ship to Arizona offer a wide selection of slate products.
Specialty Stone Suppliers: Specialty stone suppliers may be able to source slate from specific quarries or regions.

According to local landscape architects in Arizona, sourcing slate from reputable suppliers ensures you receive high-quality materials that are suitable for the state’s climate.

9. Common Mistakes to Avoid When Working with Slate Rock

Working with slate rock can be rewarding, but it’s essential to avoid common mistakes that can compromise the project’s outcome. Failing to properly prepare the surface, using incorrect adhesives, or neglecting to seal the slate can lead to issues such as cracking, staining, and water damage. According to experienced contractors at the National Association of Remodeling Industry (NARI), paying attention to these details ensures a successful and long-lasting slate installation.

9.1. Improper Surface Preparation

Why is surface preparation important when installing slate? Improper surface preparation is a common mistake that can lead to significant problems. Issues include:

Uneven Surfaces: Installing slate on an uneven surface can cause cracking and instability.
Dirty Surfaces: Dirt and debris can prevent adhesives from bonding properly.
Unstable Substrates: Installing slate on an unstable substrate can lead to shifting and cracking over time.

According to the Tile Council of North America (TCNA), proper surface preparation is essential for ensuring the adhesion and stability of slate installations.

9.2. Incorrect Adhesive Selection

What type of adhesive should be used for slate? Using the wrong type of adhesive can compromise the integrity of a slate installation. Common mistakes include:

Using Organic Adhesives: Organic adhesives can break down over time, leading to loose slate.
Using Rigid Adhesives: Rigid adhesives can crack under stress, causing slate to become dislodged.
Using Low-Quality Mortar: Low-quality mortar may not provide adequate bonding strength.

According to the Natural Stone Institute (NSI), using a high-quality modified thin-set mortar designed for natural stone is essential for ensuring a durable and long-lasting slate installation.

9.3. Neglecting to Seal the Slate

Why is it important to seal slate? Neglecting to seal slate is a common mistake that can lead to staining and water damage. The reasons for sealing include:

Porous Nature: Slate is porous and can absorb stains and moisture if not sealed.
Water Damage: Unsealed slate is susceptible to water damage, especially in outdoor applications.
Staining: Unsealed slate can easily stain from spills, dirt, and other contaminants.

According to sealant experts at Stone Sealants, sealing slate provides a protective barrier that prevents staining and water damage, ensuring its longevity and beauty.

9.4. Using Harsh Cleaning Products

What type of cleaning products should be avoided when cleaning slate? Using harsh cleaning products can damage the surface of slate, leading to discoloration and etching. Products to avoid include:

Acidic Cleaners: Acidic cleaners can etch the surface of slate, causing permanent damage.
Bleach: Bleach can discolor slate and weaken its structural integrity.
Abrasive Cleaners: Abrasive cleaners can scratch the surface of slate, dulling its finish.

According to cleaning experts at the International Sanitary Supply Association (ISSA), using mild soap and water is the best way to clean slate without damaging its surface.

10. FAQ About Slate Rock Identification

Here are some frequently asked questions about identifying slate rock:

What is the primary composition of slate rock?
- Slate is primarily composed of clay minerals such as illite, chlorite, and muscovite, which give it a smooth surface and layered structure.
How can you differentiate slate from shale?
- Slate is harder, more durable, and has well-defined foliation, whereas shale is softer, less compact, and has poorly defined foliation.
What is slaty cleavage?
- Slaty cleavage is the tendency of slate to split easily along parallel planes due to the alignment of minerals during metamorphism.
What are the common colors of slate rock?
- Slate rock exhibits a range of colors, including shades of gray, black, green, red, and purple, depending on its mineral composition.
How does slate compare to limestone?
- Slate is a metamorphic rock with fine grains and distinct cleavage, while limestone is a sedimentary rock primarily composed of calcite that reacts with acid.
Why is slate a good material for roofing?
- Slate is durable, water-resistant, and can last over 100 years, making it an excellent choice for roofing.
What are the advantages of using slate for flooring?
- Slate flooring is durable, slip-resistant, and adds a touch of sophistication to any interior.
Can slate be used in landscaping?
- Yes, slate is versatile for landscaping, used for pathways, patios, retaining walls, and garden features.
How should slate be maintained?
- Slate should be cleaned regularly with mild soap and water, resealed as needed, and harsh chemicals should be avoided.
What are some common mistakes to avoid when working with slate rock?
- Common mistakes include improper surface preparation, using incorrect adhesives, neglecting to seal the slate, and using harsh cleaning products.

Identifying slate rock accurately is crucial for ensuring the success and longevity of your construction and landscaping projects. Understanding its unique characteristics, distinguishing it from similar rocks, and following proper installation and maintenance tips will help you make the most of this versatile and beautiful material.

Ready to bring the timeless beauty of slate into your next project? Visit rockscapes.net today to explore a wide range of slate products, discover inspiring design ideas, and consult with our team of experts. Let us help you create stunning landscapes that stand the test of time. Contact us at Address: 1151 S Forest Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States. Phone: +1 (480) 965-9011. Website: rockscapes.net.