Where Is Rock City Underground? Rock City Underground, a vast warehousing and storage facility, is located in Valmeyer, Illinois, about 20 miles south of St. Louis and 11 miles from Interstate 255. This unique complex, carved into an old limestone quarry, offers climate-controlled storage and office spaces deep within the bluffs. Discover more about this amazing subterranean space and similar rock formations at rockscapes.net.
1. What Makes Rock City Underground Unique?
Rock City Underground stands out due to its history and innovative reuse of a former limestone quarry.
1.1. From Quarry to Climate-Controlled Haven
Originally a limestone quarry dating back to the early 1900s, Rock City Underground was transformed into a warehousing facility after the Great Flood of 1993. Valmeyer acquired the quarry as part of its relocation efforts to higher ground. According to village administrator Dennis Knobloch, the quarry was initially used to mine stone for the construction of a railroad connecting St. Louis and Chester, Ill.
1.2. Natural Climate Control
One of Rock City’s most remarkable features is its natural climate control. The underground environment maintains a consistent temperature of 58 degrees Fahrenheit year-round. Joe Koppeis, the developer of Admiral Parkway, which leases the cave from the village, explains that the rock’s natural thermal properties are ideal for cold storage. “Once a rock gets frozen, the rock will freeze 30 to 60 feet deep. Even if you lose electricity, the rock will maintain the cold.” This makes it perfect for storing everything from food to sensitive documents.
1.3. A Thriving Underground Community
Rock City is more than just a storage facility; it’s a functioning underground community. With paved streets like Boulder Boulevard and Limestone Lane, modern business offices, and even accent stone walls, it’s a testament to innovative development. The facility spans 6 million square feet, with about 1 million currently in use, indicating significant potential for future growth.
2. What Are the Key Features of Rock City Underground?
Rock City Underground boasts several key features that make it an attractive location for businesses and organizations.
2.1. Strategic Location
Located just 20 miles south of St. Louis and 11 miles from Interstate 255, Rock City offers excellent access to transportation networks. According to Koppeis, its location provides access to barges, highways, and rail, making it ideal for logistics and distribution.
2.2. Climate-Controlled Storage
The facility includes a 200,000 square-foot freezer facility that maintains temperatures from -15 to 28 degrees Fahrenheit. This is crucial for businesses like Gateway Cold Storage, which stores perishable goods such as ice cream and pizza toppings. The natural insulation of the rock ensures consistent temperatures, even in the event of power outages.
2.3. Secure Storage
In 2009, the National Archives opened a storage center for personnel records at Rock City, leasing nearly 500,000 square feet. This underscores the facility’s suitability for secure storage of sensitive documents, benefiting from the natural protection offered by the underground environment.
2.4. Economic Impact
Rock City has significantly contributed to Valmeyer’s economy. Since 2008, Admiral Parkway has paid over $1 million in royalties to the village and invested $50 million in the development. The facility employs over 220 people, including those working at the National Archives.
2.5. Public-Private Cooperation
The success of Rock City is a testament to effective public-private cooperation. Valmeyer used about $3 million in grants from the Illinois Department of Commerce and Community Affairs and the U.S. Economic Development Administration to construct the infrastructure and roads for Rock City. Koppeis notes that the public sector can’t do it on its own, highlighting the importance of a mix of public and private efforts to make such projects work.
3. What Is the History Behind Rock City Underground?
The history of Rock City Underground is intertwined with the story of Valmeyer itself.
3.1. Early Quarrying Operations
The quarrying operation began in the early 1900s to mine stone for the construction of a railroad connecting St. Louis and Chester, Illinois. Before this, Valmeyer was primarily a farming community. The incorporation of Valmeyer in 1909 marked a significant turning point in its development.
3.2. Diverse Uses Over the Years
Over the years, the tunnels created by the mining operations have served various purposes. From 1939 to 1983, a mushroom farm operated within the tunnels. During the Cold War era, the quarry was designated as a civil defense shelter and stocked with barrels of drinking water, highlighting its potential as a safe and secure location.
3.3. Post-Flood Acquisition
In 1995, Valmeyer purchased the quarry because it owned the mineral rights under the new village site. This acquisition was crucial for releasing state and federal funding pledged to the rebuilding effort following the Great Flood of 1993. The flood had devastated the original village, prompting its relocation to the bluffs.
3.4. Koppeis’ Vision
Joe Koppeis took on the Rock City project in 2002. Despite others seeing a hole in the ground, Koppeis recognized its potential, drawing inspiration from an underground storage facility in a former quarry in Carthage, Missouri. His vision transformed the abandoned quarry into a thriving commercial space.
4. How Does Rock City Underground Impact the Local Community?
Rock City Underground has had a profound impact on the Valmeyer community.
4.1. Economic Revitalization
The development has brought significant economic revitalization to the flood-ravaged village. The royalties paid to the village and the private investments made by Admiral Parkway have boosted Valmeyer’s economy.
4.2. Job Creation
With over 220 people employed at Rock City, the facility has created numerous job opportunities for local residents. This has helped to stabilize and grow the community, providing a much-needed economic boost.
4.3. A Symbol of Resilience
Rock City serves as a symbol of resilience and innovation for Valmeyer. It demonstrates how a community can overcome adversity and transform a challenging situation into an opportunity for growth and development.
5. What Are the Benefits of Underground Storage Facilities Like Rock City?
Underground storage facilities offer numerous advantages over traditional above-ground warehouses.
5.1. Consistent Temperatures
The natural insulation provided by the earth ensures stable temperatures year-round, reducing the need for extensive heating or cooling systems. This is particularly beneficial for storing temperature-sensitive items such as food, pharmaceuticals, and electronics. According to research from Arizona State University’s School of Earth and Space Exploration, subterranean environments naturally maintain stable temperatures.
5.2. Enhanced Security
Underground facilities offer enhanced security due to their physical isolation and limited access points. This makes them ideal for storing valuable or sensitive materials.
5.3. Protection from Natural Disasters
Underground structures are naturally protected from many types of natural disasters, including floods, tornadoes, and extreme weather events. This provides an added layer of security for stored items.
5.4. Reduced Energy Costs
The stable temperatures and natural insulation of underground facilities can significantly reduce energy costs associated with heating and cooling. This makes them an environmentally friendly and cost-effective storage solution.
5.5. Minimal Environmental Impact
By utilizing existing underground spaces, these facilities minimize the environmental impact associated with new construction. They also help to preserve valuable surface land for other uses.
6. Are There Other Underground Cities or Facilities Similar to Rock City?
While Rock City is unique, there are other underground cities and facilities around the world that share similar characteristics.
6.1. Derinkuyu Underground City, Turkey
Derinkuyu is an ancient multi-level underground city in Cappadocia, Turkey. It could shelter thousands of people along with their livestock and food supplies. According to UNESCO, it’s one of the best-preserved and most fascinating underground cities in the world.
6.2. Wieliczka Salt Mine, Poland
The Wieliczka Salt Mine is one of the oldest salt mines in the world, dating back to the 13th century. It features underground lakes, chapels, and sculptures, all carved out of salt. Today, it’s a popular tourist attraction and a UNESCO World Heritage site.
6.3. Beijing Underground City, China
Built during the Cold War, Beijing’s Underground City was designed to serve as a shelter in case of a nuclear attack. It consists of a network of tunnels, bunkers, and living spaces beneath the city.
6.4. Montreal Underground City, Canada
Known as RÉSO, Montreal’s Underground City is a network of tunnels connecting shopping malls, metro stations, office buildings, and entertainment venues. It allows residents and visitors to navigate the city center during harsh winter weather.
7. How Can Rockscapes.net Help You with Your Landscaping Needs?
At rockscapes.net, we understand the importance of incorporating natural elements into your landscaping designs. Whether you’re looking to create a stunning rock garden, build a durable retaining wall, or simply add some decorative stones to your yard, we have the resources and expertise to help you succeed.
7.1. Wide Variety of Rocks and Stones
We offer a wide variety of rocks and stones to suit any landscaping project. From granite and slate to cobblestones and flagstone, you’ll find the perfect materials to bring your vision to life. Each type of rock offers unique aesthetic and functional benefits.
7.2. Expert Advice and Guidance
Our team of experienced professionals can provide expert advice and guidance on selecting the right rocks for your project, as well as tips on installation and maintenance. We’re here to help you every step of the way.
7.3. Design Ideas and Inspiration
Looking for inspiration? Our website features a gallery of stunning rock landscaping projects to spark your creativity. Browse through our photos and articles to find ideas for incorporating rocks into your own outdoor space.
7.4. Sourcing Quality Materials
We partner with trusted suppliers to source high-quality rocks and stones that are durable and visually appealing. You can rest assured that you’re getting the best materials for your landscaping project.
7.5. Sustainable Landscaping Solutions
We are committed to promoting sustainable landscaping practices. Using natural rocks and stones in your landscape can help reduce water consumption, minimize erosion, and create a more environmentally friendly outdoor space.
8. What Are the Different Types of Rocks Used in Landscaping?
Choosing the right type of rock can significantly enhance the aesthetic and functional aspects of your landscape.
8.1. Granite
Granite is a hard, durable igneous rock that is commonly used for walkways, patios, and retaining walls. Its resistance to weathering makes it ideal for high-traffic areas.
8.2. Slate
Slate is a fine-grained metamorphic rock that is known for its smooth, flat surface. It is often used for paving stones, roofing tiles, and decorative accents.
8.3. Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate. It is commonly used for garden walls, edging, and decorative features due to its light color and textured surface.
8.4. Sandstone
Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains of mineral, rock, or organic material. It is often used for paving, wall cladding, and garden steps due to its natural beauty and durability.
8.5. River Rock
River rock consists of smooth, rounded stones that have been shaped by the flow of water. They are commonly used for drainage, ground cover, and decorative features in gardens and water features.
| Rock Type | Description | Common Uses | Benefits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Granite | Hard, durable igneous rock | Walkways, patios, retaining walls | Weather-resistant, long-lasting, adds a touch of elegance |
| Slate | Fine-grained metamorphic rock with a smooth, flat surface | Paving stones, roofing tiles, decorative accents | Smooth surface, aesthetically pleasing, versatile |
| Limestone | Sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate | Garden walls, edging, decorative features | Light color, textured surface, natural look |
| Sandstone | Sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains | Paving, wall cladding, garden steps | Natural beauty, durability, adds warmth to the landscape |
| River Rock | Smooth, rounded stones shaped by water | Drainage, ground cover, decorative features in gardens and water features | Natural look, helps with water drainage, easy to handle |
9. What Are Some Popular Landscaping Ideas Using Rocks?
Rocks can be incorporated into your landscape in a variety of creative ways.
9.1. Rock Gardens
Create a rock garden by arranging a variety of rocks and stones in a visually appealing manner. Add drought-tolerant plants such as succulents and cacti to complete the look.
9.2. Retaining Walls
Build a retaining wall using large rocks or stones to create terraces and prevent soil erosion. This not only adds functionality but also enhances the aesthetic appeal of your landscape.
9.3. Pathways and Walkways
Use flagstone or stepping stones to create pathways and walkways through your garden. This adds a natural and rustic touch to your outdoor space.
9.4. Water Features
Incorporate rocks and stones into water features such as ponds, waterfalls, and streams. This creates a natural and tranquil environment.
9.5. Decorative Accents
Use rocks and stones as decorative accents throughout your landscape. Place them around plants, along borders, or in focal points to add visual interest and texture.
10. How Can You Maintain Your Rock Landscape?
Maintaining your rock landscape is essential to ensure its longevity and beauty.
10.1. Regular Cleaning
Regularly clean your rocks and stones to remove dirt, debris, and algae. Use a brush and water or a mild detergent to scrub the surfaces.
10.2. Weed Control
Keep weeds at bay by regularly removing them from around your rocks and stones. Use a weed barrier fabric to prevent weeds from growing in the first place.
10.3. Stabilizing Rocks
Ensure that your rocks and stones are stable and secure. If necessary, use gravel or sand to provide a solid base and prevent them from shifting.
10.4. Repairing Damage
Repair any damage to your rock landscape promptly. Replace broken or cracked stones and reinforce retaining walls as needed.
10.5. Seasonal Maintenance
Perform seasonal maintenance tasks such as removing fallen leaves and debris in the fall and pruning plants in the spring. This will help keep your rock landscape looking its best year-round.
Rock City Underground is an extraordinary example of how vision and innovation can transform an abandoned space into a thriving commercial hub. From its strategic location and natural climate control to its economic impact on the local community, it stands as a testament to the potential of underground development. As you explore ways to enhance your own landscape, consider the possibilities that rocks and stones can offer. Visit rockscapes.net for inspiration, expert advice, and high-quality materials to bring your landscaping dreams to life.
Address: 1151 S Forest Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States.
Phone: +1 (480) 965-9011.
Website: rockscapes.net.
Ready to transform your outdoor space? Discover stunning rock landscaping ideas and expert tips at rockscapes.net today! Our wide selection of rocks and stones, combined with our team’s expertise, will help you create a landscape that is both beautiful and sustainable. Contact us now and let’s bring your vision to life!
FAQ: Exploring Rock City Underground
1. Where exactly is Rock City Underground located?
Rock City Underground is located in Valmeyer, Illinois, approximately 20 miles south of St. Louis and 11 miles from Interstate 255, offering easy access to major transportation routes.
2. What makes Rock City Underground a unique storage facility?
Rock City Underground’s uniqueness stems from its origin as a former limestone quarry, offering natural climate control with a consistent temperature of 58 degrees Fahrenheit year-round, making it ideal for various storage needs.
3. How does Rock City Underground maintain its consistent temperature?
The consistent temperature in Rock City Underground is maintained by the natural insulation properties of the surrounding rock, which helps to stabilize temperatures and reduce the need for extensive heating or cooling systems. Joe Koppeis notes that the rock freezes 30 to 60 feet deep, maintaining cold even without electricity.
4. What types of businesses utilize Rock City Underground?
Rock City Underground is utilized by a variety of businesses, including Gateway Cold Storage, which stores perishable goods, and the National Archives, which uses it for secure storage of personnel records.
5. How did the Great Flood of 1993 affect the development of Rock City Underground?
The Great Flood of 1993 led to Valmeyer acquiring the quarry as part of its relocation efforts to higher ground, setting the stage for its transformation into Rock City Underground.
6. What were some of the previous uses of the quarry before it became Rock City Underground?
Before becoming Rock City Underground, the quarry was used for mining stone, as a mushroom farm from 1939 to 1983, and as a civil defense shelter during the Cold War.
7. How has Rock City Underground contributed to the local economy of Valmeyer, Illinois?
Rock City Underground has contributed to Valmeyer’s economy by providing over $1 million in royalties to the village since 2008 and creating over 220 jobs, significantly boosting the local economy.
8. What are the advantages of using an underground storage facility like Rock City?
The advantages of using an underground storage facility like Rock City include consistent temperatures, enhanced security, protection from natural disasters, reduced energy costs, and minimal environmental impact.
9. Are there other similar underground cities or facilities around the world?
Yes, similar underground cities and facilities include Derinkuyu Underground City in Turkey, Wieliczka Salt Mine in Poland, Beijing Underground City in China, and Montreal Underground City in Canada.
10. How can I get started with rock landscaping for my property?
To get started with rock landscaping, visit rockscapes.net for inspiration, expert advice, and a wide selection of high-quality rocks and stones to bring your landscaping dreams to life.
